Ep. 6 - Drawing the Line: Understanding Direct Costs in Federal Grants


Ep. 6 - Drawing the Line: Understanding Direct Costs in Federal Grants


In this episode of Grants Management Experts, Jasmine Markanday breaks down one of the most critical concepts in federal grant compliance: direct costs. Guided by 2 CFR 200.413, Jasmine explains what qualifies as a direct cost, when certain costs can shift from indirect to direct, and why consistency is the cornerstone of compliance.

From administrative staff salaries to minor purchases, unallowable costs, and nonprofit-specific considerations, this episode equips you with the clarity to correctly classify expenses and avoid compliance pitfalls. Whether you’re writing a grant budget or managing one post-award, this deep dive will help you protect your organization’s resources and credibility.

What You’ll Learn:

  • The definition of direct costs under 2 CFR 200.413 and how they differ from indirect costs.

  • Key questions to ask when deciding if an expense is a direct cost.

  • Special conditions for charging administrative and clerical salaries directly.

  • How to handle minor items and apply consistent treatment.

  • The role of unallowable costs in calculating indirect cost rates.

  • Nonprofit-specific rules for member and client service activities.

Key Takeaways:

  • A cost is direct if it can be specifically tied to a grant’s objectives with accuracy.

  • Consistency is non-negotiable—similar costs must be treated the same way across funding sources.

  • Some typically indirect expenses (like cybersecurity upgrades) can be charged directly if they clearly support one grant.

  • Administrative salaries may only be charged directly if they meet all three CFR conditions.

  • Unallowable costs, while not chargeable, must still be included in the direct cost base for rate calculations.

Pro Tip:Train your staff on cost classification policies—misclassification can lead to audit findings, repayment of funds, and loss of credibility.

Connect with Us:

Enjoyed this episode? Leave a review, subscribe, and share it with your grants team!

Quote to Remember:

“Direct costs aren’t just about accuracy—they’re about fairness to your organization, your funders, and the federal government.” — Jasmine Markanday